GOSEMICON Semiconductor: GBI1633 4.5V-60V input, 3A output DC-DC step-down converter
GOSEMICON Semiconductor: GBI1633 4.5V-60V input, 3A output DC-DC step-down converter
Blog Article
Gosemicon Semiconductor is committed to the independent research and development of high-performance power management chips, power devices and modules. After 2 years of hard work, the company has successfully developed and mass-produced the power management chip GBI1633: an asynchronous DC-DC step-down converter with 4.5V-60V input and continuous current output capability of 3A.
GBI1633 has an extremely wide input voltage range of 4.5V -60V, which can support a wide range of industrial applications such as 12V rail, 24V rail and 48V rail. The 100uA quiescent current and light load frequency modulation mode achieve ultra-low power consumption in standby mode, greatly meeting the ultra-low power consumption requirements of battery application scenarios. The 100ns minimum on-time and 95% output duty cycle make the output voltage range wider; the 200kHz-2.0MHz switch adjustable frequency range and the adjustable soft start time of the SS pin make the application design more flexible and the application scenarios more extensive.With its comprehensive functions and excellent performance, GBI1633 has been widely used in the fields of industrial automation, motor control and automotive parts since its launch.
DISCRIPTION
1 Overview
The GBI1633 is a 60V, 3A buck converter with an integrated 150 mΩ high-side MOSFET. With a wide input
range from 4.5V to 60V, the device adopts peak current mode and supports a wide adjustable switching
frequency range from 200kHz to 2.0MHz setting by external resistor.
The quiescent current of this device is 100uA in sleep mode and the shutdown current is 1uA. The GBI1633 adopts adjustable soft-start time by connecting a capacitor.
The device has a default input start-up voltage of 4.2V with 350mV hysteresis. The EN pin is a high-voltage pin with a precision threshold that can be used to adjust the input voltage lockout thresholds with two external resistors to meet accurate higher UVLO system requirements. Floating EN pin enables the device. Connecting EN pin to VIN directly starts up the device automatically.
The device integrates protections, like cycle-by-cycle current limit, thermal shutdown protection, output
over-voltage protection and input voltage under-voltage protection. The device also supports monolithicstartup with pre-biased output condition.It‘s available in an 8-pin eSOP-8L package.
2 Peak Current Mode Control
The GBI1633 employs fixed frequency peak current mode control. An internal clock initiates turning on the integrated high-side power MOSFET in each cycle, then inductor current rises linearly. When the current through high-side MOSFET reaches the threshold level set by the internal compensation voltage of the internal error amplifier, the high-side MOSFET turns off. When the high-side MOSFET turns off, the inductor current discharges through the external diode till the next clock cycle begins.The integrated error amplifier and the internal compensation builds up the feedback loop to regulates the output voltage to the reference. The error amplifier comparing the voltage of the FB pin with an internal reference voltage of 0.75V. The load current increasement reduces the feedback voltage which is relative to a voltage raise of the error amplifier output till the average inductor current matches the increased load current.
The device also integrates an internal slope compensation circuitry to prevent sub-harmonic oscillation
when duty cycle is greater than 50% for a fixed frequency peak current mode control.
3 Pulse Skipping Mode (PSM)
The GBI1633 operates in Pulse Skipping Mode (PSM) with light load current to improve efficiency. decrease of the load current leads an increasement in the feedback voltage which yields down the compensation voltage. When the compensation voltage drops to a low clamp threshold, the PSM is triggered. During the skipping period, the discharge of output capacitor leads the output voltage drop which makes the FB voltage decay. Once the FB voltage drops lower than the reference voltage and thecompensation voltage rises above the low clamp threshold, the integrated high-side MOSFET turns on in next clock pulse. After several switching cycles with typical 0.2A peak inductor current, the internal compensation voltage drops and is clamped again and pulse skipping mode repeats if the output continues light loaded.
This PSM helps achieving higher efficiency by skipping cycles to reduce switching power loss and gate drive charging loss. Regarding to improve efficiency further, the quiescent current is 100uA during skipping period with no switching.
4 VIN Power
The GBI1633 is designed to operate from an input voltage supply range between 4.5V to 60V, at least 0.1uF and 10uF decoupling ceramic cap are recommended to bypass the supply noise. If the input supply locates more than a few inches from the converter, an additional 47uF electrolytic bulk capacitor may be required in addition to the local ceramic bypass capacitors.
5 Under Voltage Lockout Threshold and Enable
The EN pin of GBI1633 is a high voltage pin which can be connected to VIN directly to start-up the device. The GBI1633 is enabled when the EN pin voltage higher than the enable threshold of 1.21V and disabled when the EN pin voltage lower than 1.05V. Grace to the internal 1.0uA pull-up current, the device is default enabled when the EN pin floats.The Under Voltage Lock Out (UVLO) default startup threshold is typical 4.1V with VIN rising and shutdown threshold is 3.8V with VIN falling. The more accurate UVLO threshold can be programmed through the precision enable threshold of EN pin. Connect an external resistor divider (RL and RH) shown in Figure 7
from VIN to EN. The UVLO rising and falling threshold can be calculated by Equation 1 and Equation 2 respectively
6 Bootstrap Voltage Regulator
An external bootstrap capacitor between BOFOT pin and SW pin powers floating high-side power MOSFET gate driver. The bootstrap capacitor voltage is charged from an integrated voltage regulator when highside power MOSFET is off. The floating supply (BOOT to SW) UVLO threshold is 2.7V rising and hysteresis of 350mV. When the converter operates with high duty cycle or prolongs in sleep mode for certain long time, the required time interval to recharging bootstrap capacitor is too long to keep the voltage at bootstrap capacitor sufficient.When the voltage across bootstrap capacitor drops below 2.35V, BOOT UVLO occurs.
7 Output Voltage
The GBI1633 regulates the internal reference voltage at 0.75V with 1% tolerance over the operating temperature and voltage range.
The output voltage is set by a resistor divider from the output node to the FB pin. It is recommended to use 1% tolerance or better resistors. Use Equation 3 to calculate resistance of resistor dividers. To improve efficiency at light loads, larger value resistors are recommended. However, if the value is higher, the regulator will be more noise sensitive. RFB_BOT in the range of 10kΩ to 100kΩ is recommended for most application.
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